Review Questions- Chiroptera
Question
Answer
 1.  The order Chiroptera is the _______
       largest mammalian order.  The order
       contains about ______ recognized
       species.
 2. Of all the mammalian orders, the
     order ___________ shows the
     greatest degree of specialization
 3.  Among mammals, what characteristic
      makes bats especially unique?
 4. Most bats are small/large .
 5. Most bat species are

      a. carnivorous
      b. insectivorous
      c. nectivorous
      d. sanguinivorous
      e. none of the above
 6.  Most bat species are

      a. diurnal
      b. nocturnal
      c. crepuscular
 7. Unlike most small mammals,
     bats have ____________
     repoductive potential.
 8. Unlike most small mammals, bats
     have _______ life spans.
 9. It what way do bats have limited
     reproductive potential?
10. What might be the reason for the
       long life spans of bats?
11.  List two major ways in which bats
       are economically important.
12. The ________ families in the
      order Chiroptera are divided up
      into two suborders: the
      ___________ and the
      ___________.
13.  The Megachiroptera includes
       only one family, the family
       ________________.


 
14. The Microchiroptera includes the
       remaining ______ bat families.
15. List 8 differences between the
      microchiropterans and the
      megachiropterans.
16.  List several unique morphological
       features of bats that relate to
       flight.
17.  Distinguish among the following:


       a. plagiopatagium

       

       b. chiropatagium (dactylopatagium)




       c. uropatagium



       d.  propatagium
18.  What is the clacar?




       Where is it located?



       What is its function?
19.  In what bats are fleshy nose
       leafs found?
20. What is the function of the nose leaf?
21.  True or False- All bats have functional
       vision.
22.  Distinguish between
       megachiropterans and
       microchiropterans in terms
       of:

       a. size of the eyes




       b.  importance of
            echolocation.
23.  What is a tragus?





        What is its function?





        What is an antitragus?
24. The Old World fruit bats
       are placed in the family
       __________________.



       How many genera and species
       does this family contain?



       Where do Old World fruit bats
        occur?



        Do Old World fruit bats
        echolocate?



        Do Old World fruit bats
        have nose-leafs?




        Do they have an enlarged
        tragus?



        Old World fruit bats are
        primarily diurnal/nocturnal;
        although some species may
        be dirunal/nocturnal.
25.  List the 15 microchiropteran families.
26. The mouse-tailed bats are
       placed in the family __________.
27. Why are they called mouse-tailed
       bats?
28. Members of the family _________
      are the only living microchiropterans
      with a tail that is longer than the
      forearm.
29. Members of the family _________
      are the most primitive chiropterans.
30.  The sac-winged or sheath-
       tailed bats are placed in
       the family _____________.



       In what kinds of habitats are
       sac-winged bats found?







       
       Why are these bats called
        sac-winged bats?




   

        Why are these bats called
         sheath-tailed bats?
31.  The Kitti's hognosed bat
       (Craseonycteris thonglongyai)
       is placed in the monotypic
       family ________________.



       Where does this bat occur?






       What can be said about this
        bat's uropatagium and wings?




        What can be said about its tail
         and calcar?
32.  The slit-faced bats belong
        to the genus __________ of the
        family ______________.


        What is the basis for the common
         name of these bats?




         What is the function of the
          longitudinal groove throughout
          the facial region?
33.  Do the false vampire bats
       feed on blood?



       To what family do these bats
        belong?
34.  Give the distribution for the
        family Megadermatidae.






        Describe the tragus of bats
        belonging to the family
        Megadermatidae.




        All species of megadermatids
        lack ____________ (which is
        unusual for bats).
35.  The horseshoe bats are placed
        in the family _____________.


        This family is divided up into two
        subfamilies:  the ____________
        and the _____________.



        List 4 morphological and
        behavioral differences
        separating the two families
        of horseshoe bats.




















         

36. Mustached, ghost-faced, and
      naked-backed bats are placed
      in the New World/Old World
      family ________________.


   

      Where do these bats occur?




       What features contribute to
        their common name?
37.  The bulldog or fishing bats
       belong to the genus ________
       of the family _____________.





      Where do these bats occur?




     


 
       How do fishing bats catch
       fish, crustaceans, and
       aquatic insects?
38.  The leaf-nosed bats belong to
       the family ____________,
       which is a large New World/Old World
       family.




 
       Give the distribution for this family.
39. There are _______ species of
       vampire bats.





       Vampire bats belong to the family
        ______________; although, they
        are sometimes placed in their own
        family, the family _____________.




        How is the dentition of vampire
        bats specialized for a
        sanguinivorous diet?





       


        Sanguinivorous bats feed only
        on ________________.




        What kind of animals does
         the common vampire bat
         (Desmodus rotundus) often
         prey on?
40.  New Zealand short-tailed bats
       are placed in the family
       ______________.



       These bats are well adapted for
       terrestrial locomotion. List
       several adaptations that
       aid these bats in this kind
       of locomotion.














 
41.  The funnel-eared bats are
        placed in the genus _______
        of the family _________.




       Give the distribution for this
        family.









        What do males of this family
         have below the skin of the
         forehead?






         Describe the flight of these bats.






 
42. Smoky bats are placed in
      the family _____________.




      Smoky bats are also known as
      thumbless bats?  Why?
43.  Sucker-footed or disc-
       winged bats are placed in
       the family ___________.



       Describe the structural feature
       that  is reposnsible for their
       common name?
44. The Old World sucker-footed
      bat (Myzopoda aurita) is
      placed in the monotypic
      family ______________.


      Describe the structural feature
      that is responsible for their
      common name.
45. The evening bats are placed in the
      family ______________.



      How many genera and how many
      species does this family contain?



      The genus __________ is the
      most widely distributed genus
      within the family.



      Members of this family are
       generally

       a. fish-eating
       b. sanguinivorous
       c. insectivorous
       d. nectivorous
 




       Myotis vivesi feeds on __________.



       Antrozous pallidus feeds on
       ________________.
46. The free-tailed bats are placed
       in the family _____________.  



      Give the distribution for this family.









      Mollosus is Greek for __________
      and refers to the ___________
      snout of these bats.
47. What was project X-ray?
48.  What bat species was used
        in project X-ray?